| paper | .pdf 1.2 MB | |

IGES1 INTELLIGENT-BUILDING-ENERGY-SYSTEMS: PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS FOR RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS This paper presents a preliminary study on a hybrid renewable energy system at the University of Applied Sciences Wolfenbüttel, Germany. The test-bed is made up of solar photovoltaics (PV), a micro wi... >>more This paper presents a preliminary study on a hybrid renewable energy system at the University of Applied Sciences Wolfenbüttel, Germany. The test-bed is made up of solar photovoltaics (PV), a micro wind turbine (MWT), a micro-CHP, a fuel cell system (FC), and an electrolyzer, which is presently being set up. All the installations are in the range of 1 to 6 kW electrical power output; the focus of this research is renewable energy systems for residential applications. In addition to the presentation of experimental test results, a model of the hybrid system will be introduced. In the model two energy storage devices, a battery and a hydrogen reservoir are incorporated. To control the energy flow in the system a simple algorithm based on state-charts was developed. The philosophy of the controller is to run the hybrid system as independently as possible from the utility grid. Primarily, the controller uses renewable sources to meet the electrical load. If the demand exceeds the supply, the storage devices are discharged. <<hide   Baumann, Lars FH Braunschweig / Wolfenbüttel Boggasch, Ekkehard FH Braunschweig / Wolfenbüttel

| ID: doc_2009_0522 | Accession: 2009-02-12 | Published: 2009-01-12 |

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| fact sheet | .pdf 549.9 KB | |

CONTROL OF PARALLEL OPERATING BATTERY INVERTERS The approach of modular systems technology has now become generally accepted for the design of island grids with different renewable energy converters. This technology is characterised by a stipulated... >>more The approach of modular systems technology has now become generally accepted for the design of island grids with different renewable energy converters. This technology is characterised by a stipulated energy coupling (ac-bus bar 230/400 V, 50 Hz), a standardised information exchange and a supervisory control. These preconditions allow an adaptable and expandable system structure to be set up, thus covering almost every supply situation; but mean that the generators integrated into the systems have to be equipped with special control features. The core of a modular designed island grid is the grid forming unit. Because of its control and storage properties a battery storage unit should be chosen. The systems mostly run in master/slave operation with one battery inverter as the master. Such energy supply systems are only expandable as long as the original battery inverter has been oversized or is replaced. It would be preferable to install further inverters, i.e. parallel operation. It will be shown that voltage source inverters are preferable for distributed renewable energy systems. The synchronisation of the inverters can be handled by introducing static properties (droops) according to the conventional approach of the utilities. This way only slow communication for system optimisation is necessary. Some simulation and experimental results will be presented proving the feasibility. <<hide   Engler, Alfred ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: doc_2007_0171 | Accession: 2007-01-11 | Published: 2000-09-07 |

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| paper | .pdf 2.7 MB | |

Next generation of AC coupled Hybrid systems - 3 phase parallel operation of grid forming battery inverters The AC-coupling of components for stand-alone PV-battery-diesel hybrid power systems and the distributed generation in renewable energy micro grids is a challenging task for the control technology. To... >>more The AC-coupling of components for stand-alone PV-battery-diesel hybrid power systems and the distributed generation in renewable energy micro grids is a challenging task for the control technology. Today's systems mostly run in master/slave operation with one battery inverter or one genset as the grid master. Extendable distributed power supplies can be considerably improved by introducing multi-master control concepts for hybrid systems that were demonstrated by ISET and SMA for the first time world-wide. In experiments and first pilot installations it was shown that a grid compatible parallel operation of inverters and small standard asynchronous and synchronous motor-generator sets is possible. This control technology has been extended from single phase operation to three phase operation. <<hide   Bechtel, N. SMA Regelsysteme GmbH Engler, Alfred ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Hardt, C. SMA Regelsysteme GmbH Rothert, Martin SMA Regelsysteme GmbH

| ID: doc_2006_0155 | Accession: 2006-12-28 | Published: 2003-09-25 |

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| presentation | .pdf 3.4 MB | |

Wind Hybrid Systems - Hybrid systems technology - Kythnos, the first wind / PV hybrid system - Control aspects of hybrid systems - Realization of modern hybrid systems   El-Tahawy, Mohamed Ibrahim The German University in Cairo, GUC
| ID: doc_2007_0344 | Accession: 2007-11-06 | Published: 2007-10-17 |	details HTML

| paper | .pdf 755.9 KB | |

New V/f?Statics controlled Battery Inverter: Sunny Island - the key component for AC-Coupled Hybrid Systems and Mini Grids In the past most PV-Hybrid systems in the low kW range were based on mixed DC- and ACcoupled concept, where PV is coupled on the DC-Side with the battery as central component (see Figure 1.a). In thes... >>more In the past most PV-Hybrid systems in the low kW range were based on mixed DC- and ACcoupled concept, where PV is coupled on the DC-Side with the battery as central component (see Figure 1.a). In these systems AC-loads are supplied by battery inverters which in some cases alsoact as battery chargers supplied by AC-generators (e.g. Diesel). These systems are usually not extendable and show a complicated (DC-) system design and therefore high system costs. The power that the DC-coupled power generator (e.g. PV) can contribute to the supply of loads is limited by the rated power of the battery inverter. <<hide   Engler, Alfred ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Meinhardt, Mike SMA Regelsysteme GmbH Rothert, Martin SMA Regelsysteme GmbH

| ID: doc_2006_0154 | Accession: 2006-12-28 | Published: 2003-09-25 |

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| presentation | .ppt 1.1 MB | |

Isolated Grid with Micro-Hydro Power Plant , PV System and Diesel Genset as Back up System Still more than 2 billion people are living around the world without electricity. For example in Asian region around 63 to 80% people have no electricity. In the case of Africa more than 80%. In such ... >>more Still more than 2 billion people are living around the world without electricity. For example in Asian region around 63 to 80% people have no electricity. In the case of Africa more than 80%. In such circumstances Hybrid Power Systems (HPS) might be a good option. An AC coupled system simplifies connection and disconnection of more energy sources and consumers within its grid circle. Such HPS explores the possibility to electrify remote areas using locally available renewable energy sources. The system is economical and compact due to absence of batteries. Simulation models show good results and it is possible to develop hardware system based upon this model. <<hide   Saiju, R. University of Kassel (EAWE)

| ID: doc_2006_0144 | Accession: 2006-12-12 | Published: 2006-10-04 |

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| paper | .pdf 549.3 KB | |

10 Jahre Hybridsystem "Starkenburger Hütte" - Betriebserfahrungen mit einem innovativen Systemkonzept Die Stromversorgung der "Starkenburger Hütte" bildet ein Hybridsystem, bestehend aus Photovoltaik, Batteriespeicherung und einem flüssiggasbetriebenen Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) Aus ... >>more Die Stromversorgung der "Starkenburger Hütte" bildet ein Hybridsystem, bestehend aus Photovoltaik, Batteriespeicherung und einem flüssiggasbetriebenen Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) Aus dem Inhalt: Datengrundlage Erfahrungen mit innovativen Anlagenelementen Winterbetrieb mit DC-Kopplung der PV Batterien / BacTERIEN Störungen Teilerneuerung und Optimierung der Anlage Erfahrungen der Hüttenwirte Zusammenfassung und Ausblick <<hide   Deubler, Hubert ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Landau, Markus ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: doc_2008_0481 | Accession: 2008-04-11 | Published: 2008-03-07 |

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| picture | .JPG 122.6 KB | |

Thermophotovoltaic test equipment This photo was published in Annual Report 2006, ISET e.V.: Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generators convert radiant heat directly into electricity. This technology has the potential for a silent, relia... >>more This photo was published in Annual Report 2006, ISET e.V.: Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) generators convert radiant heat directly into electricity. This technology has the potential for a silent, reliable and environmental compatible electricity generation. In a power range below 1 kW, one field of application lies in the remote power supply e.g. as a back-up generator in small PV hybrid systems. In a higher power range, a TPV system can be used for co-generation. TPV as a multi-fuel technology seems to be ideal for the energy conversion of biomass e.g. wood powder or biogas. <<hide   ISET, ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: fig_2007_0094 | Accession: 2007-04-11 | Published: 2007-01-15 |

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| picture | .JPG 1.0 MB | |

Hybrid systems This photo was published in Annual Report 2006, ISET e.V..   ISET, ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)
| ID: fig_2007_0110 | Accession: 2007-04-11 | Published: 2007-01-15 |	details HTML

| paper | .pdf 550.2 KB | |

Decentralized Grid-Compatible PV Power Supply - Strategy for Electrification and Integration Concepts with Modular Technology This paper presents a strategic approach for decentralized electrification world-wide which has evolved from the PV modular systems technology. Apart from supply units for minute, isolated consumers s... >>more This paper presents a strategic approach for decentralized electrification world-wide which has evolved from the PV modular systems technology. Apart from supply units for minute, isolated consumers such as solar homes, a standard, modularly expandable, stand-alone system configuration is proposed in AC single-phase technology, which can act as a foundation stone for decentralised electrification with photovoltaics world-wide. It can be easily adapted to satisfy diverse consumer requirements, expanded to cover increasing power needs as a single or three-phase stand-alone hybrid system and connected to a utility grid, if available. Based on the standardization of system design, the market-oriented grade of modularization and a small set of inverters, the modular technology enables integral solutions for expandable, decentralized electrification. Series-produced, utility-grid compatible components from different manufacturers can be simply assembled in order to set up expandable stand-alone systems. The first modular inverters already make up an important part of the global PV market. In order to promote the design and demonstrate this technology, ISET and IEE of the University Gh Kassel have joined forces with manufacturers and other research institutes.The latest findings, products and complete systems are to be seen in the design centre DeMoTec, recently inaugurated in Kassel. <<hide   Haas, Oliver ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Kleinkauf, Werner ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Raptis, F. ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Schmid, Jürgen ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Strauss, Philipp ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Zacharias, Peter ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: doc_2007_0177 | Accession: 2007-01-15 | Published: 1998-07-06 |

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| paper | .ppt 1.1 MB | |

Isolated Grid with Micro-Hydro Power Plant , PV System and Diesel Genset as Back up System This report is about exploring possibilities to develop new HPS (Hybrid Power System ) without batteries, implementation of HPS model to develop, test and verify new control strategies and development of new hardware prototype using micro-controller, test and verify.   Saiju, R. University of Kassel (EAWE)
| ID: doc_2008_0454 | Accession: 2008-01-30 | Published: 2006-10-04 |	details HTML

| presentation | .pdf 1.7 MB | |

10 Jahre Hybridsystem "Starkenburger Hütte" - Betriebserfahrungen mit einem innovativen Systemkonzept Die Stromversorgung der "Starkenburger Hütte" bildet ein Hybridsystem, bestehend aus Photovoltaik, Batteriespeicherung und einem flüssiggasbetriebenen Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) Aus dem Inhalt: Versorgungssystem Monitoring Betriebsergebnisse und -erfahrungen Zukünftige Versorgung   Deubler, Hubert ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Landau, Markus ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: doc_2008_0482 | Accession: 2008-04-11 | Published: 2008-03-07 |

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| presentation | .pdf 3.7 MB | |

Electric Grid Design Slides from the Grid Design Lecture   Nguegan, Yves University of Kassel
| ID: doc_2008_0472 | Accession: 2008-04-03 | Published: 2008-04-03 |	details HTML

| presentation | .pdf 1.8 MB | |

BIDIRECTIONAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT INTERFACE (BEMI) INTEGRATION OF THE LOW VOLTAGE LEVEL INTO GRID COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL Decentralized electrical generation units (DG units) are connected to the network in Europe with an increasing number and generation capacity, which requires new intelligent grid control strategies in... >>more Decentralized electrical generation units (DG units) are connected to the network in Europe with an increasing number and generation capacity, which requires new intelligent grid control strategies including energy management with controllable generators as well as controllable loads. Today, however, this potential in most cases cannot be activated due to lack of standards and missing economical incentives. In the concept presented in this work the grid connection point is extended by intelligent components to a Bidirectional energy management Interface (BEMI). This allows a technically efficient design of an energy management system and avoids fundamental organizational changes to the current grid regime. The concept of decentralized decision based on information from a central control station covers the requirements of the system operator as well as the local customer. An approach for the management of a pool of DG units using this concept is outlined as an outlook. <<hide   Bendel, Christian ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Nestle, David ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Ringelstein, Jan ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)

| ID: doc_2008_0504 | Accession: 2008-05-09 | Published: 2007-05-24 |

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| fact sheet | .pdf 376.1 KB | |

CRES Hybrid Power Plant Test Facility and Implementation of Distributed Intelligent Load Controllers Results: > Upgrade and expand the supervisory control system of the CRES Hybrid Power Plant. A task necessary in order to meet the requirements of the current project and at the same time to take ... >>more Results: > Upgrade and expand the supervisory control system of the CRES Hybrid Power Plant. A task necessary in order to meet the requirements of the current project and at the same time to take advantage of the latest advances in the fields of computer technology and automation systems. > The capability of power quality monitoring to the supervisory control system was added. > Implementation of distributed intelligent load controllers <<hide   Neris, Aristomenis Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES) (EAWE) Tselepis, Stathis Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES) (EAWE) White, Sara Econnect Ltd., Hexham, UK

| ID: doc_2006_0076 | Accession: 2006-09-15 | Published: 2005-10-25 |

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| paper | .pdf 166.2 KB | |

BIDIRECTIONAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT INTERFACE (BEMI) INTEGRATION OF THE LOW VOLTAGE LEVEL INTO GRID COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL Decentralized electrical generation units (DG units) are connected to the network in Europe with an increasing number and generation capacity, which requires new intelligent grid control strategies in... >>more Decentralized electrical generation units (DG units) are connected to the network in Europe with an increasing number and generation capacity, which requires new intelligent grid control strategies including energy management with controllable generators as well as controllable loads. Today, however, this potential in most cases cannot be activated due to lack of standards and missing economical incentives. In the concept presented in this work the grid connection point is extended by intelligent components to a Bidirectional Energy Management Interface (BEMI). This allows a technically efficient design of an energy management system and avoids fundamental organizational changes to the current grid regime. The concept of decentralized decision based on information from a central control station covers the requirements of the system operator as well as the local customer. An approach for the management of a pool of DG units using this concept is outlined as an outlook. <<hide   Bendel, Christian ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Nestle, David ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE) Ringelstein, Jan ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V.(EAWE)